DFS is a graph traversal technique used to explore nodes and edges of a graph. It can be implemented using recursion or an explicit stack. The algorithm works by starting from a source node, marking it as visited, and then recursively visiting all its unvisited neighbors.

Analyzing Time Complexity

1. Looping Through Nodes: O(V)

• When you start the DFS, you typically loop through all the vertices in the graph. This is necessary to ensure that even disconnected components of the graph are visited.

• For each node, you check if it has been visited. This check is O(1) for each node, and since you do this for all V nodes, this part contributes O(V) to the time complexity.